bahasa inggris

personal financial and the economy Diposkan oleh Tika Yuliasih | di 16.09 | 33.1 Match word form each box to form collocations from the opposite page and use them to complete the sentence below (Borrow, Make, Spend, Stay, Supplement, a float, afortune, heavily, my income and then a payment) 1. I make a payment of €500 every month to my credit-card account. 2. When I was a student I got a job in a fast-food outlet to supplement my income. 3. I used to borrow on books when I was at university 4. I had no grant or scholarship, so I had to spend a payment to finance my studies 5. Small firms find it difficult to stay a fortune when costs and interest rates are high 33.2 Copy and complete collocation bubbles using words from the box. Some words collocate only with debt, some only with overdraft and some with both. Use a dictionary to help you find one more collocation for each bubbles. 1. To arrange a (overdraft) 2. A bad (debt) 3. To be in (overdraft) 4. To clear a (overdraft) 5. Deep in (debt) 6. Facility (overdraft) 7. To get a (overdraft) 8. To get into (overdraft) 9. A hefty (debt or overdraft) 10. The national (debt or overdraft) 11. To pay off a (debt) 12. Ridden (debt) 13. To run up (debt) 14. An unauthorized (debt) 33.4 Answer the question about collocations from the opposite page 1. What object is a person or company being compared to when we use the collocation keep or stay a float metaphorically? (The object is a company) 2. What are you eventually expected to do with a loan ? (No, I will not expected to do with loan) 3. If a bank calls in a loan, do they (a) give it (b)write it off (c) demand full payment (They write off) 4. If someone defaults on a payment, do they (a) not make it (b) make it in full (c) partially make it (They not make it) 5. What is the crime called when someone make illegal use of another person’s credit card? (The crime called when someone do a default payment) 34.1 Match the beginning of each sentence with its ending 1. The government is finding it very difficult to curb (Inflation) 2. The country is suffering because of the current economic (Climate) 3. Although heavy industry is in decline, service industries are (Thriving) 4. The CEO is anxious to safeguard his company’s (Thriving) 5. New machinery has enabled the factory to increase its (Output) 6. The tax authorities plan to tackle the issue of undeclared (Interest) 7. The budget plan explains how we intend to allocate our various (Exclusion) 8. We must tackle and solve the problem caused by social (Earnings) 34.2 Which of these phrases would a Finance Minister be likely to use about the economy under his/her own guidance and which about the economy under a previous rival government. 1. Build on success (the economy under his/her own guidance) 2. Extend opportunity (the economy under his/her own guidance) 3. Leave inflation unchecked (the economy under a previous rival government) 4. Levy heavy taxes (the economy under a previous rival government) 5. Meet with success (the economy under his/her own guidance) 6. Poor value for money (the economy under a previous rival government) 7. Rampant inflation (the economy under a previous rival government) 8. Rising unemployment (the economy under a previous rival government) 9. Safely steer the economy (the economy under a previous rival government) 10. Steady growth (the economy under a previous rival government) 11. Thriving black economy (the economy under a previous rival government) 12. Thriving industry (the economy under a previous rival government) 13. Uninterrupted growth (the economy under a previous rival government) 34.3 Find the opposite of the underlined words in these collocation in the opposite page 1. to invest for the short term (long) 2. to restrict opportunity (clear) 3. declared earnings (apparent) 4. falling unemployment (get up) 5. stunting growth (speed up) 6. soaring profits (decline) 7. private spending (public/general) 8. to reduce cost (run up) 9. to lower interest rates (higher) 10. to abolish a levy (round off) 34.4 Complete each sentence using words from (either those underlined above or their opposites) in the aapropriate form. 1. The government has more control over restrict than over run up spending 2. Tax inspectors make spot checks to ensure we do not have any declaredearnings 3. If you have a steady and secure income, then it may be sensible to invest for the long term rather than the short term 4. Reduce unemployment is a sign of a healty economy 5. If the government wants to slow down the economy by higher interest rates, then a company’s costs will be higher and so their profits may lower 6. A progressive government will want to higher opportunity and to higher growth 7. A political party might think it was a good idea to slow growth down but it would be very unlikely to say that it wanted to reduce growth 8. The government has decided to run up a levy on commercial waste collocation in order to encourage recycling.

tugas softskill bahasa inggris

B. Adding a syliable. Answer the following question using the past tenses of the verb followed by to and another verb. Do not realese the /t/ or /d/ before to, but say the sequence /tt/ or /dt/ together (need to / ‘nidtǝ/, needed to /’niddItǝ/). 1. When did he need to come? (He needed to (/’niddItǝ/) to come yesterday.) 2. What did she want to do? (She wanted to (/’wǝntIdtǝ) experiment last week.) 3. Where did they decide to go? (They decided to (/’di’saidIdtǝ/) Ancol this morning.) 4. What did she start to do? (She started to (/’starttǝ/) survey for a place last week.) 5. When did he expect to be there? (He expected to (/’ek’spektIdtǝ/) to be there yesterday.) 6. When did they intend to arrive? (They intended to (/’in’tendIdtǝ/) arrive last night.) 7. When did you start to learn English? (I started to (/’starttǝ/) learn English when I age seven years old.) 8. Why did you want to come to the United States? (I wanted to (/’wǝntIdtǝ) to come to the United States holiday with my family last night.) 9. When did you decide to come here? (I decided to (/’di’saidIdtǝ/) come here this night.) 10. When did you need to apply for visa? (I needed to (/’niddIdtǝ/) for visa when I get scholarship in the Boston University.) 11. What did you hate to do when you were a child? (I hated to (/’heittǝ/) when I were a child.) C. Adding a Syllable. Answer the following questions the pas tense of the verb. Don’t drop medial /t/ : started doesn’t sound the same as starred. 1. When did you start looking for an apartement? (I started (/t) looking for an apartement last week.) 2. What did you advisor suggest doing? (My advisor suggested (/t/) doing I investment securities.) 3. What did your end up telling your advisor? (I ended (/Id/) up telling how about a good investment to my advisor.) 4. How did your roommate first treat you? (My roommate first treated (/t) a good person.) 5. Who did you visit over the weekend? (I visited (/Id/) to village my brother and my sister over the weekend.) 6. How did you mother sound over the phone? (My mother sound overed (/d) push button switch the phone.) 7. How many times did your teacher repeat the instructions? (My teacher repeated (/Id/) the instructions ten minutes.) 8. Who did the teacher point at? (The teacher pointed (/Id/) at Mr. Andi) 9. What did you avoid doing over the weekend? (I avoided (/Id/) work doing over the weekend) 10. How long did you attend high school? (I attended (/Id/) high school three years ago.) D. Linking onto Vowels. Answer the following questions using the past tense of the verb and be sure to link the final /t/ or /d/ to the following word. Remember that /h/ in him and her is silent when the pronoun is linked to the preceding word. 1. What did you talk about last night? (I talked (/t/) about film action last night.) 2. Who did the class laugh at? (The class laughed (/t/) at him.) 3. Who did the teacher stare at angrily? (The teacher stared (/d/) at angrily her.) 4. Which room did you walk into by mistake? (I walked (/t/) into room empty by mistake.) 5. Why did the teacher turn around? (The teacher turned (/d/) around by car.) 6. When did he ask her out? (He asked (/t/) her out yesterday) 7. Who did you introduce him to? (I introduce (/t/) him to Andi.) 8. What sport did you play in high school? (I played (/d/) sport football in high school.) 9. When did you hel your roommate? (I helped (/t/) my roommate last night.) 10. When did your father marry your mother? (My father marryed (/d/) my mother last years.) F. Change the following verb to the past tense. Write /Id/ (extra syllable), /t/, or /d/ to show how to pronounce the past tense ending. (Optional: put each word in a short sentence). 1. Opened (/d/) 2. Refused (/d/) 3. Attended (/Id/) 4. Climbed (/d/) 5. Persuade (/d/) 6. Preferred (/d/) 7. Hurried (/d/) 8. Charge (/d/) 9. Arrived (/d/) 10. Lasted (/t/) 11. Correct (/Id/) 12. Relaxed (/t/) 13. Hopped (/t/) 14. Enjoyed (/Id/) 15. Related (/d/) 16. Remembered (/d/) 17. Controled (/d/) 18. Ased (/d/) 19. Pretended (/Id/) 20. Died (/d/) 21. Shouted (/t/) 22. Watched (/t/) 23. Explained (/d/) 24. Sewed (/d/) 25. Sliped (/t/) 26. Exchanged (/d/) 27. Reminded (/Id/) 28. Huged (/d/)

Tenses Bahasa Inggris Beserta Rumus Dan Contohnya

Salah satu unsur tata bahasa yang paling penting dalam bahasa inggris adalah tenses.Di bab ini, akan dijelaskan 16 tenses secara ringkas agar mudah dipahami. Dalam penjelasannya nanti, akan digunakan beberapa singkatan, yaitu: • S = Subject • V1 = Verb bentuk ke 1 • V2 =Verb bentuk ke 2 • V3 = Verb bentuk ke 3 • V-ing= Verb ditambah bentuk ing • O = Object Berikut ini daftar dan penjelasan 16 tenses. 1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE POLA (+) S+V1+O (-) S+do/does not +V1+O (?) Do/does+S+V1+O ? Penggunaan • Menyatakan suatu kebiasaan atau kegiatan yang terjadi berulang-ulang pada waktu sekarang. Contoh: (+) I go to school every day (-) I don’t go to school every day (?) Do I go to school every day ? • Menyatakan fakta yang diterima secara umum, contoh: (+) the sun rises in the east (-) The sun doesn’t rise in the west. (?) Does the sun rise in the east ? • Mengungkapkan jadwal, program, acara, atau kegiatan lain yang terencana. Contoh: (+) The plane depart at 09.00 (-) The plane doesn’t depart at 09.00 (?) Does the plane depart at 09.00 2.PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE POLA (+) S+TO BE+V ing+O (-)S+TO BE+not+V ing+O (?)TO BE+S+V ing+O ? Penggunaan • Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung sekarang atau pada saat pembicaraan. Contoh: (+) Jhon is having lunch now. (-) Jhon isn’t having lunch now (?)Is jhon having lunch now ? • Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sudah direncanakan dan akan segera terjadi.Contoh: (+) She is getting married next month (-) She isn’t getting married next month (-) Is she getting married next month ? 3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE POLA (+) S+have/has+V3+O (-)S+have/has+not+V3+O (?)Have/has+S+V3+O ? Penggunaan • Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang telah atau belum selesai dikerjakan,tetapi tidak tahu kapan persisnya.Contoh: (+) I have finished my assignment (-)I haven’t finished my assignment (?)Have I finished my assignment ? • Menyatakan hasil dari suatu kegiatan yang telah dikerakan.Contoh: (+) My doughter has drunk three bottles of milk (-) my doughter hasn’t drunk three bottles of milk. (?) Has my daughter drunk three bottles of milk ? 4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE POLA (+) S+have/has+been+V ing (-)S+have/has+not+been+V ing (?)Have/has+S+been+V ing ? Penggunaan • Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih terus berlangsung sampai sekarang. Contoh: (+) My family has been living in semarang for eight years. (-) My family has not been living in semarang for eight years. (?) Has my family been living in semarang for eight years ? 5. SIMPLE PAST TENSE POLA (+) S+V2+O (-) S+did not +V1+O (?) Did +S+V1+O ? • Menyatakan kegiatan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada waktu lampau.Contoh: (+) We watched the movie yesterday (-) We didn’t watched the movie yesterday (?) Did we watch the movie yesterday ? 6.PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE POLA (+) S+TO BE+V ing (-) S+TO BE+not+V ing (?)TOBE+S+V ing ? Penggunaan • Menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu tertentu pada masa lalu.Contoh: (+) I was watching TV at 7 o’clock last night (-) I was not watching TV at 7 o’clock last night (+) Was I watching TV at 7 o’clock last night ? 7. PAST PERFECT TENSE POLA (+) S+had+V3 (-)S+had+not+V3 (?)Had+S+V3 ? Penggunaan • Menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi atau sudah selesai sebelum aktivitas lain terjadi pada masa lampau.Biasanya ada dua aktifitas yang beriringan.Contoh: (+) Everybody had gone to bed when I got home (-) Everybody had not gone to bed when I got home (?) Had everybody gone to bed when I got home 8. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus: subject + had + been + Kata Kerja + ing Kapan Kita menggunakan Past Perfect Continuous Tense? Tense ini sama pemakaiannya dengan Past Perfect Tense, namun mengekspresikan tindakan-tindakan yang lebih lama di masa lampau sebelum tindakan lain terjadi. Perhatikan: She had been helping me when they went to scool (dia telah sedang membantu saya ketika mereka telah pergi ke sekolah) 9. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE Rumus: subject + WILL/SHALL + Kata Kerja Bentuk I Kapan kita mengunakan Simple Future Tense? a. Tidak Ada Rencana Sebelumnya atau Menyatakan perbuatan/kejadian yang akan dilakukan pada waktu yang akan datang contoh : • Hold on. I‘ll get a pen. b. Prediksi Contoh: • It will rain tomorrow. KALIMAT NON-VERBAL Ketika predikat suatu kalimat bukan kata kerja, maka gunakan be untuk menggantikan kata kerja tersebut. Contoh: • I‘ll be in London tomorrow. Catatan: Ketika kita mempunyai rencana atau keinginan untuk melakukan suatu kegiatan di masa yang akan datang, maka gunakan be going to atau Present Continuous Tense untuk menggantikan will/shall. 10. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus: subject + WILL + BE + Kata Kerja + ing Kapan kita menggunakan Future Continuous Tense? Tense ini menggambarkan suatu tindakan yang akan terjadi di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang. Contoh: He will be teaching me at eight tomorrow (dia akan sedang mengajar saya pada jam delapan besok) 11. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Rumus: subject + WILL + HAVE + Kata Kerja Bentuk ke 3 Kapan Kita Menggunakan Future Perfect Tense? Tense ini kita pakai untuk menggambarkan suatu kegiatan yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang sebelum kegiatan lain terjadi. Contoh: They will be tired when they arrive. (mereka akan telah lelah ketika mereka datang) 12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus: Subject + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + Kata Kerja I + ing Kapan kita memakai Future Perfect Continuous Tense? Kita menggunakan Tense ini untuk membicarakan tentang suatu tindakan/kegiatan yang panjang sebelum beberapa saat di masa yang akan datang. Contoh: • He will be tired when he arrives. He will have been traveling for 24 hours. 13. PAST FUTURE TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan/peristiwa yang akan terjadi diwaktu lampau Rumus: subject + WOULD + Kata Kerja Bentuk I Contoh : She would not be at school tomorrow. (Dia tidak akan ke sekolah besok) 14. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang sedang terjadi di waktu lampau. Rumus: subject + WOULD + BE + Kata Kerja + ing Contoh: We would be having dinner at home yesterday. (kita akan sedang makan malam di rumah kemarin) 15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE untuk menyatakan suatu prbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi di waktu lampau Rumus: subject + WOULD + HAVE + Kata Kerja Bentuk ke 3 Contoh: she would have be finished to studied if he had not been lazy (dia akan sudah tamat belajar jika dia tidak malas) 16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan/peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi di waktu lampau Rumus: Subject + WOULD + HAVE + BEEN + Kata Kerja I + ing Contoh: We would have been waiting long. (kita akan sudah sedang menunggu lama